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Human infectious diseases may be characterized by their case fatality rate (CFR), the proportion of people diagnosed with a disease who die from it (cf. mortality rate).It should not be confused with the infection fatality rate (IFR), the estimated proportion of people infected by a disease-causing agent, including asymptomatic and undiagnosed infections, who die from the disease.
Examples of aging-associated diseases are atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease, cancer, arthritis, cataracts, osteoporosis, type 2 diabetes, hypertension and Alzheimer's disease. The incidence of all of these diseases increases exponentially with age. [78]
Widespread non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular disease and cancer are not included. An epidemic is the rapid spread of disease to a large number of people in a given population within a short period of time; in meningococcal infections , an attack rate in excess of 15 cases per 100,000 people for two consecutive weeks is considered ...
Disease misdiagnosis is a two-way street that has plenty of room for improvement, but until recently had also been largely misunderstood -- that is, until a study in 2009 shed light on the most ...
Contagious disease, a subset of infectious diseases. Cryptogenic disease, a disease whose cause is currently unknown. Disseminated disease, a disease that is spread throughout the body. Environmental disease; Lifestyle disease, a disease caused largely by lifestyle choices. Localized disease, a disease affecting one body part or area.
The DALY relies on an acceptance that the most appropriate measure of the effects of chronic illness is time, both time lost due to premature death and time spent disabled by disease. One DALY, therefore, is equal to one year of healthy life lost. How much a medical condition affects a person is called the disability weight (DW). This is ...
In 2016, it was classed as the 12th most disabling condition. [237] Approximately 75% of people with schizophrenia have ongoing disability with relapses. [238] Some people do recover completely and others function well in society. [239] Most people with schizophrenia live independently with community support. [27] About 85% are unemployed. [7]
Management may start with treating the most disabling symptom first, and tackle symptoms one by one in further health care visits. [29]: 46 Pacing, or managing one's activities to stay within energy limits, can reduce episodes of PEM. Addressing sleep problems with good sleep hygiene, or medication if required, may be beneficial.