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Commercial rubidium frequency standards operate by disciplining a crystal oscillator to the rubidium hyperfine transition of 6.8 GHz (6 834 682 610.904 Hz). The intensity of light from a rubidium discharge lamp that reaches a photodetector through a resonance cell will drop by about 0.1% when the rubidium vapor in the resonance cell is exposed ...
Rubidium (37 Rb) has 36 isotopes, with naturally occurring rubidium being composed of just two isotopes; 85 Rb (72.2%) and the radioactive 87 Rb (27.8%). 87 Rb has a half-life of 4.92 × 10 10 years. It readily substitutes for potassium in minerals, and is therefore fairly widespread.