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The extensor digiti minimi (extensor digiti quinti proprius) is a slender muscle of the forearm, placed on the ulnar side of the extensor digitorum communis, with which it is generally connected. It arises from the common extensor tendon by a thin tendinous slip and frequently from the intermuscular septa between it and the adjacent muscles.
The extensor tendons are connected to the second by a thin transverse band, known as the juncturae tendinum; they serve to maintain the central alignment of the extensor tendons over the metacarpal head, [5] thus increasing the available leverage. Injuries (such as by an external flexion force during active extension) may allow the tendon to ...
Extensor indicis tendon. Extension of the medial four digits Fourth compartment syndrome: 5 Extensor digiti minimi tendon: Positioned directly over the distal radioulnar joint. Extensor digiti minimi usually has double tendon [2] in the fifth compartment upon inserting onto the little finger Vaughn-Jackson syndrome: 6 Extensor carpi ulnaris tendon
Wartenberg's sign is a neurological sign consisting of involuntary abduction of the fifth (little) finger, caused by unopposed action of the extensor digiti minimi. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] This commonly results from weakness of some of the ulnar nerve innervated intrinsic hand muscles -in particular the palmar interosseous muscle to the little finger ...
Injuries (such as by an external flexion force during active extension) may allow the tendon to dislocate into the intermetacarpal space; the extensor tendon then acts as a flexor and the finger may no longer be actively extended. This may be corrected surgically by using a slip of the extensor tendon to replace the damaged ligamentous band [4]
The primary function of the extensors is to straighten out the digits. The thumb has two extensors in the forearm; the tendons of these form the anatomical snuff box. Also, the index finger and the little finger have an extra extensor, used, for instance, for pointing. The extensors are situated within 6 separate compartments.
The extensor indicis proprius does not show much variation. It exists as a single tendon most of the time. [4] Double tendons of the extensor indicis proprius was also reported. [2] [5] [6] It is known that the extensor indicis proprius inserts to the index finger on the ulnar side of the extensor digitorum. [7]
Extensor digitorum brevis extends the first four digits at the metatarsophalangeal joint and assists in extending the second, third and fourth digits at the interphalangeal joint. The fifth digit, lacking any insertion from extensor digitorum brevis, can only be raised by the long extensor.