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Ehrlichia chaffeensis. E. chaffeensis causes human monocytic ehrlichiosis and is known to infect monocytes. [1] It has also been known to infect other cell types such as lymphocytes, atypical lymphocytes, myelocytes, and neutrophils, but monocytes appear to best harbor the infection.
Human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis [1] is a form of ehrlichiosis associated with Ehrlichia chaffeensis. [2] This bacterium is an obligate intracellular pathogen affecting monocytes and macrophages. [3]
Ehrlichia is a genus of Rickettsiales bacteria that are transmitted to vertebrates by ticks. These bacteria cause the disease ehrlichiosis , which is considered zoonotic , because the main reservoirs for the disease are animals.
Ehrlichia chaffeensis causes human monocytic ehrlichiosis. E. chaffeensis is most common in the south-central and southeastern states. Ehrlichia canis; Neorickettsia sennetsu; Ehrlichia muris eauclairensis [7] Ixodes scapularis is another type of tick that can spread Ehrlichiosis muris eauclairensis. [8] The latter three infections are not well ...
Ehrlichiosis ewingii infection [1] is an infectious disease caused by an intracellular bacteria, Ehrlichia ewingii. [2] The infection is transmitted to humans by the tick, Amblyomma americanum. This tick can also transmit Ehrlichia chaffeensis, the bacteria that causes human monocytic ehrlichiosis (HME).
Anaplasma phagocytophilum (formerly Ehrlichia phagocytophilum) [2] is a Gram-negative bacterium that is unusual in its tropism to neutrophils. It causes anaplasmosis in sheep and cattle, also known as tick-borne fever and pasture fever , and also causes the zoonotic disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis .
Clinically, HGA is essentially indistinguishable from human monocytic ehrlichiosis, the infection caused by Ehrlichia chaffeensis, and other tick-borne illnesses such as Lyme disease may be suspected. [15] As Ehrlichia serologies can be negative in the acute period, PCR is very useful for diagnosis. [16]
Main article: Human parasite Endoparasites Protozoan organisms Common name of organism or disease Latin name (sorted) Body parts affected Diagnostic specimen Prevalence Source/Transmission (Reservoir/Vector) Granulomatous amoebic encephalitis and Acanthamoeba keratitis (eye infection) Acanthamoeba spp. eye, brain, skin culture worldwide contact lenses cleaned with contaminated tap water ...