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A kernel panic message from a Linux system An OpenSolaris kernel panic. Kernel panic in Ubuntu 13.04 "Raring Ringtail" (Linux kernel 3.8) in Oracle VM VirtualBox
The command reports the round-trip times of the packets received from each successive host (remote node) along the route to a destination. The sum of the mean times in each hop is a measure of the total time spent to establish the connection. The command aborts if all (usually three) sent packets are lost more than twice.
It is used for finding problems in the network and to determine the amount of traffic on the network as a performance measurement. [1] On Linux this program is mostly obsolete, although still included in many distributions. On Linux, netstat (part of "net-tools") is superseded by ss (part of iproute2).
This is a list of commands from the GNU Core Utilities for Unix environments. These commands can be found on Unix operating systems and most Unix-like operating systems. GNU Core Utilities include basic file, shell and text manipulation utilities. Coreutils includes all of the basic command-line tools that are expected in a POSIX system.
The exact behaviors of various fsck implementations vary, but they typically follow a common order of internal operations and provide a common command-line interface to the user. On modern systems, fsck simply detects the type of filesystem and calls the specialized fsck.type (Linux) or fsck_type (BSD, macOS) program for each type. [1] [2]
strace is a diagnostic, debugging and instructional userspace utility for Linux.It is used to monitor and tamper with interactions between processes and the Linux kernel, which include system calls, signal deliveries, and changes of process state.
Additional to sar command, Linux sysstat package in Debian, [4] RedHat Enterprise Linux and SuSE provides additional reporting tools: : Collect, report, or save system activity information. – Linux User Commands Manual: Collect and store binary data in the system activity daily data file.
The magic SysRq key is a key combination understood by the Linux kernel, which allows the user to perform various low-level commands regardless of the system's state. It is often used to recover from freezes , or to reboot a computer without corrupting the filesystem . [ 1 ]