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The same human pelvis, front imaged by X-ray (top), magnetic resonance imaging (middle), and 3-dimensional computed tomography (bottom). The pelvis (pl.: pelves or pelvises) is the lower part of an anatomical trunk, [1] between the abdomen and the thighs (sometimes also called pelvic region), together with its embedded skeleton [2] (sometimes also called bony pelvis or pelvic skeleton).
The pelvic floor or pelvic diaphragm is an anatomical location in the human body, [1] which has an important role in urinary and anal continence, sexual function and support of the pelvic organs. [2] The pelvic floor includes muscles, both skeletal and smooth, ligaments and fascia.
The pelvic cavity is a body cavity that is bounded by the bones of the pelvis. Its oblique roof is the pelvic inlet (the superior opening of the pelvis). Its lower boundary is the pelvic floor. The pelvic cavity primarily contains the reproductive organs, urinary bladder, distal ureters, proximal urethra, terminal sigmoid colon, rectum, and ...
The formal anatomical boundaries of the perineum may be said to be: [6] in front: the pubic arch and the arcuate ligament of the pubis; behind: the tip of the coccyx; on either side: the inferior rami of the pubis and ischial tuberosity, and the sacrotuberous ligament; superiorly: pelvic floor [7] inferiorly: skin and fascia
Anatomy photo:41:13-0100 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center – "The Female Perineum – The Deep Perineal Pouch" Anatomy figure: 43:04-09 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center – "The urinary bladder and the urethra as seen in a frontal section of the female pelvis."
As might be expected, the contents of the urogenital triangle differ greatly between the male and the female. Some of the components include: [1] Posterior scrotal nerves / posterior labial nerves; Urethra; Vagina; Bulbourethral gland / Bartholin's gland; Muscles Superficial transverse perineal muscle; Ischiocavernosus muscle; Bulbospongiosus ...
The perineum attaches across the gap between the inferior pubic rami bilaterally and the perineal body. This grouping of muscles constricts to close the urogenital openings. The perineum supports and functions as a sphincter at the opening of the vagina. Other structures exist below the perineum that support the anus. [3] [6]
The perineal membrane has two distinct portions that span the opening of the anterior pelvic outlet. [2]The ventral (anterior) portion is associated with the compressor urethra and urethrovaginal sphincter muscles (previously called deep transverse perineal muscles), and is continuous with the insertion of the arcus tendineus fascia pelvis. [3]