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The Scoville scale is a measurement of pungency (spiciness or "heat") of chili peppers and other substances, recorded in Scoville heat units (SHU). It is based on the concentration of capsaicinoids , among which capsaicin is the predominant component.
Structural formula Name Scoville heat units Abbreviation Reference Resiniferatoxin: 16,000,000,000 RTX [2] [3] [4]Tinyatoxin: 5,300,000,000 TTX or TTN [4]Phenylacetylrinvanil
Wilbur Lincoln Scoville (January 22, 1865 – March 10, 1942) was an American pharmacist best known for his creation of the "Scoville Organoleptic Test", now standardized as the Scoville scale. He devised the test and scale in 1912 while working at the Parke-Davis pharmaceutical company to measure pungency , "spiciness" or "capsaicin ...
The fruit tends to be very pungent, and registers 30,000 to 50,000 on the Scoville heat unit scale. ... Printable version; In other projects Wikimedia Commons ...
[5] [12] The sensory heat or pungency detected when eating a Carolina Reaper derives from the density of capsaicinoids, particularly capsaicin, which relates directly to the intensity of chili pepper heat and Scoville Heat Units (SHU).
Capsaicin is a strong irritant requiring proper protective goggles, respirators, and proper hazardous material-handling procedures. Capsaicin takes effect upon skin contact (irritant, sensitizer), eye contact (irritant), ingestion, and inhalation (lung irritant, lung sensitizer). The LD 50 in mice is 47.2 mg/kg. [31] [32]
Like the closely related habanero, scotch bonnets have a heat rating of 100,000–350,000 Scoville units. [ 8 ] [ 10 ] For comparison, most jalapeño peppers have a heat rating of 2,500 to 8,000. A completely sweet variety of scotch bonnet, cachucha , is grown on some Caribbean islands.
These chilis are about 5 to 7.5 cm (2.0 to 3.0 in) long, and 0.65 to 1 cm (0.26 to 0.39 in) in diameter. Their heat index is between 15,000 and 30,000 Scoville units. The peppers start out green and turn a bright red color as they mature. Chile de árbol peppers can be found fresh, dried, or powdered.