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First rocket engine fired in space. USA (NASA) Pioneer P-30 [9] 31 January 1961: First hominidae in space (chimpanzee Ham). First tasks performed in space. USA (NASA) M-R 2: 12 February 1961: First launch from Earth orbit of upper stage into a heliocentric orbit. First mid-course corrections. First spin-stabilisation. USSR Venera 1: 12 April 1961
The programme carried out six crewed spaceflights between 1961 and 1963. The program was the first program to put humans into space, with Yuri Gagarin becoming the first man in space on April 12, 1961, aboard the Vostok 1. [56] Gherman Titov became the first person to stay in orbit for a full day on August 7, 1961, aboard the Vostok 2. [57]
Apollo 11 was the second American mission where all the crew members had prior spaceflight experience, [54] the first being Apollo 10. [55] The next was STS-26 in 1988. [ 54 ]
Space exploration is the use of astronomy and space technology to explore outer space. [1] While the exploration of space is currently carried out mainly by astronomers with telescopes, its physical exploration is conducted both by uncrewed robotic space probes and human spaceflight. Space exploration, like its classical form astronomy, is one ...
Creola Katherine Johnson (née Coleman; August 26, 1918 – February 24, 2020) was an American mathematician whose calculations of orbital mechanics as a NASA employee were critical to the success of the first and subsequent U.S. crewed spaceflights. [1][2] During her 33-year career at NASA and its predecessor, she earned a reputation for ...
Skylab. Skylab as photographed by its departing final crew (Skylab 4). Skylab was the United States' first space station, launched by NASA, [3] occupied for about 24 weeks between May 1973 and February 1974. It was operated by three trios of astronaut crews: Skylab 2, Skylab 3, and Skylab 4.
Edwin Powell Hubble (November 20, 1889 – September 28, 1953) [1] was an American astronomer. He played a crucial role in establishing the fields of extragalactic astronomy and observational cosmology.
Alan Bartlett Shepard Jr. (November 18, 1923 – July 21, 1998) was an American astronaut. In 1961, he became the second person and the first American to travel into space and, in 1971, he became the fifth and oldest person to walk on the Moon, at age 47. A graduate of the United States Naval Academy at Annapolis, Shepard saw action with the ...