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The Government of Ireland Act 1920 partitioned the island of Ireland into two separate jurisdictions, Southern Ireland and Northern Ireland, both devolved regions of the United Kingdom. This partition of Ireland was confirmed when the Parliament of Northern Ireland exercised its right in December 1922 under the Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1921 to opt ...
Northern Ireland remains legally in the UK Customs Territory and part of any future UK trade deals. This results in a de jure customs border on the island of Ireland, between Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. [101] [100] Great Britain is no longer in a customs union with the European Union.
Co-operation between Northern Ireland and Ireland, including the execution of common policies in certain areas, occurs through the North/South Ministerial Council. In 2014, the UK Prime Minister David Cameron, and the Irish Taoiseach Enda Kenny described the relationship between the two countries as being at 'an all time high'. [1]
Northern Ireland's Government and Parliament were dissolved by the British Government. Direct rule from Westminster was introduced. [36] 14 April The PIRA exploded 24 bombs in towns and cities across Northern Ireland. There were 14 shootouts between the PIRA and security forces. [37] 22 April
The British government would uphold the right of the people of Northern Ireland to decide between the Union with Great Britain or a united Ireland. The people of the island of Ireland, North and South, had the exclusive right to solve the issues between North and South by mutual consent.
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The first half of 1922 saw clashes between the IRA and USC along the new border, an IRA offensive inside Northern Ireland, sectarian violence and killings in Belfast and tensions between the two new governments. [124] On 14 January, Northern Ireland police arrested a number of the IRAs 5th Northern division in County Tyrone.
Following Irish independence and the partition of the island in the 1920s, issues relating to Northern Ireland have often been referred to as either "The Troubles" or "The Irish Problem". In 2017, the term was also used to describe issues associated with the UK-Irish border and Brexit.