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If conservative treatment of a minor ingrown toenail does not succeed or if the ingrown toenail is severe, surgical management by a podiatrist is recommended. [1] The initial surgical approach is typically a partial avulsion of the nail plate known as a wedge resection or a complete removal of the toenail. [ 1 ]
The study suggested that treatment should not be based on the correction of a non-existent nail deformity. [7] [8] In some cases, however, there is nail deformity. [9] Ingrown toenails are caused by weight-bearing (activities such as walking and running) in patients that have too much soft skin tissue on the sides of their nail.
Another, much less effective, treatment is excision of the matrix, sometimes called a 'cold steel procedure'. Ingrown nail in hallux toe Onychodystrophy is a deformation of the nails that can result from cancer chemotherapy which includes bleomycin , hydroxyurea , or 5-fluorouracil .
Nail correction brace on a toenail that was previously ingrown. A nail correction brace, also known as an orthonyxic brace or simply a nail brace, is a medical device used to correct the misalignment of fingernails or toenails in order to prevent the nails from growing in. Treatment is usually carried out by a podiatrist or the general ...
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The basis of laser treatment is to try to heat the nail bed to these temperatures in order to disrupt fungal growth. [49] As of 2013 research into laser treatment seemed promising. [ 2 ] There is also ongoing development in photodynamic therapy , which uses laser or LED light to activate photosensitisers that eradicate fungi.
For home treatment, the American Academy of Dermatology recommends clipping the loose piece of skin with a clean nail clipper or nail scissors, and applying over-the-counter antibiotic ointment if the area appears inflamed. Persistent hangnails should be evaluated by a physician. [5]
Treatment typically involves antibiotics for bacterial infections and antifungals for fungal infections. If there is pus formation, incision and drainage may be necessary. [2] Paronychia is commonly mistakenly used interchangeably with herpetic whitlow or felon, which are distinct conditions. [2]