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The majority of self-declared socialist countries have been Marxist–Leninist or inspired by it, following the model of the Soviet Union or some form of people's or national democracy. They share a common definition of socialism, and they refer to themselves as socialist states on the road to communism with a leading vanguard party structure ...
After World War II [ edit ] A new upsurge of revolutionary feeling swept across Europe in the aftermath of World War II , though it was not as strong as the one triggered by World War I that resulted in a failed socialist revolution in Germany and a successful one in Russia.
Although Marxist theory suggested that industrial societies were the most suitable places for social revolution (either through peaceful transition or by force of arms), communism was mostly successful in underdeveloped countries with endemic poverty such as the Republic of China. [3]
As a term, "Marxism–Leninism" is misleading because Marx and Lenin never sanctioned or supported the creation of an -ism after them, and is reveling because, being popularized after Lenin's death by Stalin, it contained three clear doctrinal and institutionalized principles that became a model for later Soviet-type regimes; its global ...
Shortly afterwards World War II broke out, and within two years Hitler had occupied most of Europe, and by 1942 both democracy and social democracy in Central and Eastern Europe fell under the threat of fascism. The only socialist parties of any significance able to operate freely were those in Britain, Sweden, Switzerland, Canada, Australia ...
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 19 February 2025. Economic and sociopolitical worldview For the political ideology commonly associated with states governed by communist parties, see Marxism–Leninism. Karl Marx, after whom Marxism is named. Friedrich Engels, who co-developed Marxism. Marxism is a political philosophy and method of ...
While many countries with constitutional references to socialism and countries ruled by long-standing socialist movements exist, within Marxist–Leninist theory a socialist state is led by a communist party that has instituted a socialist economy in a given country. [71]
The idea that a proletarian revolution is needed is a cornerstone of Marxism; [3] [4] Marxists believe that the workers of the world must unite and free themselves from capitalist oppression to create a world run by and for the working class. [5] Thus, in the Marxist view, proletarian revolutions need to happen in countries all over the world.