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For example Peranakan Tionghoa/Cina may simply mean "Chinese descendants"; likewise Jawi Peranakan can mean "Arab descendants", or Peranakan Belanda "Dutch descendants". [16] [17] However, in a semantic shift, the word peranakan has come to be used as a "metaphorical" adjective that has the meaning of "locally born but non-indigenous". [12]
'Peranakan' is the antonym of 'Totok', the former meaning simply 'descendants' (of mixed roots), and the latter meaning 'pure'. [ 4 ] [ 6 ] Chinese were divided into Thanh people (like Totok) and Minh Huong (mixed Chinese Vietnamese like Peranakan) in 1829 by Emperor Minh Mang of the Nguyen dynasty.
The Philippine revolution brought a wave of nationalistic literary works, with propagandists and revolutionaries advocating for Filipino representation or independence from Spanish authority. Illustrados like Pedro Alejandro Paterno, Graciano Lopez Jaena, Marcelo H. del Pilar, and Jose Rizal contributed to the development of Philippine literature.
"Jawi" is an Arabic word to denote Southeast Asia, while Peranakan is a Malay word meaning "born of" (it also refers to the elite, locally born Chinese). More broadly, South Asian Muslims without mixed parentage but born in the Straits Settlements were sometimes also called Jawi Peranakan, as were children from Arab-Malay marriages.
Women, on the other hand, wear a similar costume that are similar to the Peranakan Nonya. Alongside their Chinese of Tamilian ancestry and Malay neighbours, the Chitty live in Kampong houses. Pictures of Hindu gods and Indian names can be seen just outside their houses, as their descendants tend to adopt Indian , rather than Malay surnames.
Philippine folk literature refers to the traditional oral literature of the Filipino people. Thus, the scope of the field covers the ancient folk literature of the Philippines' various ethnic groups , as well as various pieces of folklore that have evolved since the Philippines became a single ethno-political unit.
Nínay is a novel in the Spanish language written by Pedro Alejandro Paterno, and is the first novel authored by a native Filipino.Paterno authored this novel when he was twenty-three years old [1] and while living in Spain in 1885, the novel was later translated into English in 1907 [1] and into Tagalog in 1908. [2]
Damiana Ligon Eugenio (September 27, 1921 – October 10, 2014) was a Filipino female author and professor who was known as the Mother of Philippine Folklore, a title she received in 1986. [1] Apart from teaching at the University of the Philippines , she has several publications in the field of Philippine folklore , among them a series of ...