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The American lion (Panthera atrox (/ ˈ p æ n θ ər ə ˈ æ t r ɒ k s /), with the species name meaning "savage" or "cruel", also called the North American lion) is an extinct pantherine cat native to North America during the Late Pleistocene from around 130,000 to 12,800 years ago.
The heaviest known pantherine felids are the Ngangdong tiger (Panthera tigris soloensis), which has been estimated to have weighed up to 486 kg (1,071 lb), [179] the extinct leonine Panthera fossilis, which has been estimated to have maximum weight of 400–500 kg (880–1,100 lb), [185] the American lion (Panthera atrox), weighing up to 363 kg ...
Panthera atrox: North America, 0.13 to 0.013 MYA, with dubious remains in South America. [63] Commonly known as the American lion, P. atrox is thought to have descended from a basal P. spelaea cave lion population isolated south of the Cordilleran Ice Sheet, and then established a mitochondrial sister clade circa 200,000 BP. [64]
[17] [18] Some employ a subgenus of Panthera, "Leo", to contain several lion-like members of Panthera, including P. leo, P. spelaea, P. atrox and P. fossilis. [10] A 2022 study concluded that P. fossilis and P. spelaea represented a chronospecies lineage, with most differences between the two species explainable by size differences.
Panthera spelaea lived in Europe after the third Cromerian interglacial stage from about 450,000 to 14,000 years ago. [13] Panthera atrox lived in North America during the Pleistocene and early Holocene about 340,000 to 11,000 years ago. [14] Panthera shawi was a lion-like cat in South Africa that possibly lived in the early Pleistocene. [15]
The lion (Panthera leo) is a large cat of the genus Panthera, native to Africa and India. It has a muscular, broad-chested body; a short, rounded head; round ears; and a dark, hairy tuft at the tip of its tail. It is sexually dimorphic; adult male lions are larger than females and have a prominent mane.
Pleistocene North American jaguar (Panthera onca augusta; range semi-recolonised by other subspecies) (C) North America Jaguar; Panthera balamoides (dubious, suggested to be a junior synonym of the short faced bear Arctotherium) Lions. American lion (Panthera atrox) (C) Cave lion (Panthera spelaea; present only in Alaska and Yukon) (C ...
† Panthera atrox: At least 80 individuals A large pantherine, the American lion is a possible descendent of Eurasian cave lions that had become isolated in North America. [26] This big cat is found much more rarely than the contemporary Smilodon. Within the species itself, more fossil specimens are thought to represent males. [28] Bobcat [29 ...