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Legend of Priest and Were-Wolves from Gerald de Barri's Topographia Hibernica. Preserved wolf in the National Museum of Ireland – Natural History. The grey wolf (Canis lupus) was an integral part of the Irish countryside and culture, but is now extinct.
Wolves, though now extinct in Ireland, were once numerous; the Irish were said to be plagued by the animals and bred a special type of dog, the Irish Wolfhound, to hunt them. As late as 1650, the town of Coleraine was said to have been attacked by a pack of hungry wolves. [1]
For most of its history, the British Isles were part of the main continent of Eurasia, linked by the region now known as Doggerland.Throughout the Pleistocene the climate alternated between cold glacial periods, including times when the climate was too cold to support much fauna, and temperate interglacials when a much larger fauna was present.
Graham's wolfhound became the regimental mascot of the Irish Guards in 1902. The original Irish Wolfhound was declared extinct in the early 19th century by most authors. [3] This was due to several factors, including the extinction of wolves in Ireland, war and persecution, and over-exportation abroad. [4]
Wolves survived longer in Scotland, where they sheltered in vast tracts of forest, which were subsequently burned down. Wolves managed to survive in the forests of Braemar and Sutherland until 1684. The extirpation of wolves in Ireland followed a similar course, with the last wolf believed to have been killed in 1786. [19]
There are 27 mammal species native to Ireland or naturalised in both the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland before 1500. The Red List of Irish terrestrial mammals was updated in 2019, with assessments of these 27 species. One species is locally extinct, one is vulnerable and 25 are least concern species. Not assessed were nine mammal ...
Ireland throughout most of the first half of the 17th century had a substantial wolf population of not less than 400 and may be as high as 1000 wolves at any one time. Although the Irish hunted wolves, it is evident from documentary data that they did not see the same need as the English to exterminate the wolves.
Wolves lasted longer in Scotland, where they sheltered in vast tracts of forest, which were subsequently burned down. Wolves managed to survive in the forests of Braemar and Sutherland until 1684. The extirpation of wolves in Ireland followed a similar course, with the last wolf believed to have been killed in 1786. [3]