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Guaifenesin might act as an expectorant by increasing the volume and reducing the viscosity of secretions in the trachea and bronchi via stimulation of the gastric mucosa. . This stimulation leads to an increased parasympathetic activity in the respiratory tract via the so-called gastro-pulmonary reflex, although some in vitro studies suggested that it might also act directly on the ...
Antitussives, or cough suppressants, are substances which suppress the coughing itself. Examples are dextromethorphan, benzonatate, codeine, hydrocodone, pholcodine, noscapine, cloperastine, and butamirate. Antihistamines, for allergic rhinitis, may produce mild sedation and reduce other associated symptoms, like a runny nose and watery eyes.
The systematic review concluded that there is inadequate evidence to support the effectiveness and safety of benzonatate and emphasized rising safety concerns surrounding the drug. [17] It further concluded that there is a need for large observational studies or randomized trials to assess the place of benzonatate in modern medicine.
Mucoactive agents—expectorants—include mucolytics, secretolytics and mucokinetics (also called secretomotorics) [3]. Mucolytics: thin (reduce the viscosity of) mucus [2]
Dosage typically includes information on the number of doses, intervals between administrations, and the overall treatment period. [3] For example, a dosage might be described as "200 mg twice daily for two weeks," where 200 mg represents the individual dose, twice daily indicates the frequency, and two weeks specifies the duration of treatment.
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The oxomemazine ingredient (antihistamine) is not approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), either for over the counter or prescription use. It is sold in France as cough syrup. French travelers also use it as a sleeping aid for long flights. [citation needed]
Drug Other common names Image First synthesis Dates of clinical use Chemical/structural class Duration of effect amylocaine: Stovaine 1904 (Ernest Fourneau) ester- benzoic ambucaine [1] diester - aminosalicylic articaine: Astracaine, Septanest, Septocaine, Ultracaine, Zorcaine Amide benzocaine: Anbesol, Orajel Ester - Aminobenzoic Short benzonatate