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Media Redundancy Protocol (MRP) is a data network protocol standardized by the International Electrotechnical Commission as IEC 62439-2. It allows rings of Ethernet switches to overcome any single failure with recovery time much faster than achievable with Spanning Tree Protocol . [ 1 ]
The next packets sent by the network can then be flooded and learned out of the (now enabled) secondary port without any network disruption. Fail-over times are demonstrably in the region of 50ms. The same switch can belong to multiple domains and thus multiple rings. However, these act as independent entities and can be controlled individually.
Sometimes the approaches suggest opposite solutions. For example, if a building catches fire, fail-safe systems would unlock doors to ensure quick escape and allow firefighters inside, while fail-secure would lock doors to prevent unauthorized access to the building. The opposite of fail-closed is called fail-open.
The FRACAS process is a closed loop with the following steps: Failure Reporting (FR). The failures and the faults related to a system, a piece of equipment, a piece of software or a process are formally reported through a standard form (Defect Report, Failure Report). Analysis (A). Perform analysis in order to identify the root cause of failure.
A single point of failure (SPOF) is a part of a system that would stop the entire system from working if it were to fail. [1] The term single point of failure implies that there is not a backup or redundant option that would enable the system to continue to function without it.
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High-availability Seamless Redundancy (HSR) is a network protocol for Ethernet that provides seamless failover against failure of any single network component. PRP and HSR are independent of the application-protocol and can be used by most Industrial Ethernet protocols in the IEC 61784 suite. HSR does not cover the failure of end nodes, but ...
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