Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
The Three Crowned Kings, [a] were the triumvirate of Chera, Chola and Pandya who dominated the politics of the ancient Tamil country, Tamilakam, from their three Nadu (countries) of Chola Nadu, Pandya Nadu (present day Madurai and Tirunelveli) and Chera Nadu (present day Kerala and some parts of Tamilnadu) in southern India.
The Periplus Maris Erythraei portrays the trade in the territory of Cheras or "Keprobotras" in detail. The port of Muziris , or Muchiri in Tamil, located in the Chera country, was the most-important centre in the Malabar Coast , which according to the Periplus "abounded with large ships of Romans, Arabs and Greeks". [ 65 ]
The Chola dynasty was a Tamil thalassocratic empire of southern India, one of the longest-ruling dynasties in the world history. The earliest datable references to the Chola are in inscriptions from the 3rd century BCE left by Ashoka , of the Maurya Empire .
Chola ruler Sundara Parantaka II (r. 957–73) responded by defeating Vira Pandya I in two battles (and Chola prince Aditya II killed Vira Pandya on the second occasion). The Pandyas were assisted by the Sri Lanka forces of King Mahinda IV. [20] Chola emperor Rajaraja I (r. 985–1014 CE) is known to have attacked the Pandyas. [78]
The Early Pandyas of the Sangam period were one of the three main kingdoms of the Tamilakam (southern India), the other two being the Cholas, and Cheras dynasty. As with many other kingdoms around this period (earlier than 200 BCE), most of the information about the Early Pandyas come to modern historians mainly through literary sources and some epigraphic, archaeological and numismatic evidence.
According to early Tamil literature, the Chera ruler achieved a major victory against a northern "Arya" king, occupied the forests of "Idumbil", won another significant victory at a location called "Viyalur" (possibly against the powerful chieftain Nannan [8]), destroyed Kodukur (perhaps in the Kongu country), defeated a chieftain named Mannan ...
In later periods the coins were marked with fish, heraldic symbols, and various emblems. [8] The fish that are seen on Pandyan coins are the same as those notable on the national Pandyan flag, which includes a double fish emblem. [20] Other coin styles depict a Chola influence as they contain a tiger motif, and human figures. [8]
Chola Dynasty: Pouncing Tiger: The tiger flag of Chola is mentioned in the Periya Puranam. [7] Pandya Dynasty: Twin fish: According to legend, the goddess Meenakshi was born as the daughter of a Pandya king. Her eyes had the shape of a fish and resemble the emblem of the Pandyas. [8] Pallava Dynasty: bull and lion