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Epoxidized soybean oil (ESBO) is a collection of organic compounds obtained from the epoxidation of soybean oil. It is used as a plasticizer and stabilizer in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastics . ESBO is a yellowish viscous liquid.
The batching matrix B indicates the relation of the molarity in the batch (columns) and in the glass (rows). For example, the batch component SiO 2 adds 1 mol SiO 2 to the glass, therefore, the intersection of the first column and row shows "1". Trona adds 1.5 mol Na 2 O to the glass; albite adds 6 mol SiO 2, 1 mol Na 2 O, and 1 mol Al 2 O 3 ...
Two modern electric lamps with lampshades. A lampshade is a fixture that envelops the light bulb on a lamp to redirect the light it emits. The shade is often affixed onto a light fixture to reduce the intensity of the light to observers, shield the light from a harsh environment, or for decoration by altering the color or creating shadows.
The Fostoria Shade and Lamp Company was the largest manufacturer of glass lamps in the United States during the early 1890s. It began operations in Fostoria, Ohio , on May 17, 1890. The plant was run by Nicholas Kopp Jr., a former chemist at Hobbs, Brockunier and Company in West Virginia .
The calculation of glass properties allows "fine-tuning" of desired material characteristics, e.g., the refractive index. [1]The calculation of glass properties (glass modeling) is used to predict glass properties of interest or glass behavior under certain conditions (e.g., during production) without experimental investigation, based on past data and experience, with the intention to save ...
Spirits of turpentine, called camphine, was burned in lamps with glass chimneys in the 1830s through the 1860s. Turpentine blended with grain alcohol was known as burning fluid. Both were used as domestic lamp fuels, gradually replacing whale oil, until kerosene, gas lighting and electric lights began to predominate.
The Betty lamp differs from earlier oil/grease lamps in that it uses an internal wick holder to eliminate fuel drip common with older lamp designs. This internal wick holder feature made the Betty lamp design very popular. The Betty lamp is likely a natural evolution of the Crusie lamp concept. The Crusie lamp consists of two lamp pans, one ...
Didymium glasses. Didymium (Greek: δίδυμο, twin) is a mixture of the elements praseodymium and neodymium.It is used in safety glasses for glassblowing and blacksmithing and filter lenses for flame testing, especially with a gas ()-powered forge, where it provides a filter that selectively blocks the yellowish light at 589 nm emitted by the hot sodium in the glass without having a ...