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Matricaria chamomilla (synonym: Matricaria recutita), commonly known as chamomile (also spelled camomile), German chamomile, [2] Hungarian chamomile (kamilla), wild chamomile, blue chamomile, or scented mayweed, [3] [4] is an annual plant of the composite family Asteraceae.
Chamomile may be used as a flavouring agent in foods and beverages, mouthwash, soaps, and cosmetics. [5] Chamomile tea is a herbal infusion made from dried flowers and hot water, and may improve sleep quality. [3] Two types of chamomile are used, namely German chamomile (Matricaria recutita) and Roman chamomile (Chamaemelum nobile). [3]
Dried parsley can contain about 45 mg apigenin/gram of the herb, and dried chamomile flower about 3–5 mg/gram. [5] The apigenin content of fresh parsley is reportedly 215.5 mg/100 grams, which is much higher than the next highest food source, green celery hearts providing 19.1 mg/100 grams. [6]
Its synonym is Anthemis nobilis, with various common names, such as Roman chamomile, English chamomile, garden chamomile, ground apple, low chamomile, mother's daisy or whig plant. [ 2 ] C. nobile is one source of the herbal product known as chamomile using dried flowers for flavoring teas or as a fragrance used in aromatherapy .
Bisabolol, or more formally α-(−)-bisabolol or also known as levomenol, [1] is a natural monocyclic sesquiterpene alcohol. It is a colorless viscous oil that is the primary constituent of the essential oil from German chamomile (Matricaria recutita) and Myoporum crassifolium. [2]
Most species of plant known as chamomile belong to genera of this tribe. As of 2006 there were about 1800 species classified in 111 genera. [2] In 2007 the tribe was divided into 14 subtribes, [2] including Glebionidinae, the source of hybrid garden marguerites. [3]
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A component in various medicinal plants (e.g. Scutellaria baicalensis), chrysin is a dihydroxyflavone, a type of flavonoid. [6] It is also found in honey, propolis, the passion flowers, Passiflora caerulea and Passiflora incarnata, in Oroxylum indicum, [2] carrots, [1] chamomile, [7] many fruits, and in mushrooms, such as the mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus. [6]