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Rouleaux formation on wet smear. Rouleaux (singular is rouleau) are stacks or aggregations of red blood cells (RBCs) that form because of the unique discoid shape of the cells in vertebrates.
There are multiple methods of washing red cells. [2] These can include automated or manual methods. They can use centrifugation or centrifugation-free methods. [2] The red cells can be re-suspended in saline or other types of special preservative solutions for red cells, such as SAGM (saline, adenine, glucose and mannitol).
Blood smear showing red blood cells with basophilic stippling. Basophilic stippling, also known as punctate basophilia, is the presence of numerous basophilic granules that are dispersed through the cytoplasm of erythrocytes in a peripheral blood smear.
Automatic ESR analyzer with specialised tube. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR or sed rate) is the rate at which red blood cells in anticoagulated whole blood descend in a standardized tube over a period of one hour.
Anisopoikilocytosis is a medical condition illustrated by a variance in size (anisocytosis) and shape (poikilocytosis) of a red blood cell.The underlying cause can be attributed to various anemias, most often; beta thalassemia major, a form of microcytic anemia. [1]
Erythrocyte deformability is an important determinant of blood viscosity, hence blood flow resistance in the vascular system. [3] It affects blood flow in large blood vessels, due to the increased frictional resistance between fluid laminae under laminar flow conditions.
In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a process of fertilization in which an egg is combined with sperm in vitro ("in glass"). The process involves monitoring and stimulating a woman's ovulatory process, then removing an ovum or ova (egg or eggs) from her ovaries and enabling a man's sperm to fertilise them in a culture medium in a laboratory.
A – Cabot ring B – Howell-Jolly body Cabot ring Cabot rings are thin, red-violet staining, threadlike strands in the shape of a loop or figure-8 that are found on rare occasions in red blood cells (erythrocytes).