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Pivot-shift test The pivot-shift test [ 1 ] is one of the three major tests for assessing anterior cruciate injury or laxity, the other two being the anterior drawer and Lachman test . However, unlike the other two, it tests for instability, an important determinant as to how the knee will function. [ 1 ]
The pivot-shift test involves flexing the knee while holding onto the ankle and slightly rotating the tibia inwards. [28] In the anterior drawer test, the examiner flexes the knees to 90 degrees, sits on the person's feet, and gently pulls the tibia towards themself. [29] The Lachman test is performed by placing one hand on the person's thigh ...
Osteoarthritis: The cartilage covering bones (articular cartilage) is thinned, eventually completely worn out, resulting in a "bone against bone" joint, resulting in pain and reduced mobility. Osteoarthritis is very common, affects the joints exposed to high stress and is therefore considered the result of "wear and tear" rather than a true ...
Dial Test (posterolateral rotation test) - The dial test can be performed with a patient lying supine or prone. With the patient supine and the knees flexed 30° off the table, stabilize the thigh and externally rotate the foot. As the foot rotates, watch for external rotation of the tibial tubercle of the affected knee compared to the healthy ...
In the temporomandibular joint, subchondral sclerosis of the mandibular condyle has been described as an early change, condylar flattening as a feature of progressive osteoarthritis, and narrowing of the temporomandibular joint space as a late stage change. [14] A joint space of between 1.5 and 4 mm is regarded as normal. [15] Ankle osteoarthritis.
The valgus stress test or medial stress test is a test for damage to the medial collateral ligament of the knee. It involves placing the leg into extension, with one hand placed as a pivot on the knee. With the other hand placed upon the foot applying an abducting force, an attempt is then made to force the leg at the knee into valgus. If the ...
SLAC wrist is the most common type of post-traumatic wrist osteoarthritis [1] and is often the result of an undiagnosed or untreated scapholunate ligament rupture. [2] The condition follows a predictable pattern of development, which was first described by H. Kirk Watson, M.D. and Frederick L. Ballet, M.D. in 1984.
Long-term results have been observed in human knee [6] and finger osteoarthritis. [7] In addition to Yttrium-90 (Y-90) and Rhenium-186 (Re-186), another radioisotope used in radiosynoviorthesis is Tin-117m (Sn-117m). Tin-117m is radioisotope that is used to treat synovitis and osteoarthritis in canines with elbow dysplasia. [8] [9] [10] [11]