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The Dumas method of molecular weight determination was historically a procedure used to determine the molecular weight of an unknown volatile substance. [1] [2] The method was designed by the French chemist Jean Baptiste André Dumas, after whom the procedure is now named.
The Victor Meyer apparatus is the standard laboratory method for determining the molecular weight of a volatile liquid. It was developed by Viktor Meyer, who spelled his name Victor in publications at the time of its development. In this method, a known mass of a volatile solid or liquid under examination is converted into its vapour form by ...
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Volatility can also describe the tendency of a vapor to condense into a liquid or solid; less volatile substances will more readily condense from a vapor than highly volatile ones. [1] Differences in volatility can be observed by comparing how fast substances within a group evaporate (or sublimate in the case of solids) when exposed to the ...
Evaporation removes volatile liquids from non-volatile solutes, which cannot be done through filtration due to the small size of the substances. Liquid–liquid extraction removes an impurity or recovers a desired product by dissolving the crude material in a solvent in which other components of the feed material are soluble.
A major class of VOCs is the terpene class of compounds, such as myrcene. [ 28 ] Providing a sense of scale, a forest 62,000 square kilometres (24,000 sq mi) in area, the size of the U.S. state of Pennsylvania , is estimated to emit 3.4 million kg (7.5 million lb) of terpenes on a typical August day during the growing season. [ 29 ]
Steam distillation is a separation process that consists of distilling water together with other volatile and non-volatile components. The steam from the boiling water carries the vapor of the volatiles to a condenser; both are cooled and return to the liquid or solid state, while the non-volatile residues remain behind in the boiling container.
If the solute is volatile, one of the key assumptions used in deriving the formula is not true because the equation derived is for solutions of non-volatile solutes in a volatile solvent. In the case of volatile solutes, the equation can represent a mixture of volatile compounds more accurately, and the effect of the solute on the boiling point ...