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Heavy-wall glass can withstand pressurized applications. Fritted glass is finely porous glass through which gas or liquid may pass. Coated glassware is specially treated to reduce the occurrence of breakage or failure. Silanized (siliconized) glassware is specially treated to prevent organic samples from sticking to the glass. [11]
The path from the hazard to the safety shower shall be free of obstructions and tripping hazards. Water supply should be enough to provide at least 20 gallons per minute of water for 15 minutes (Section 4.1.2, 4.5.5). Hand free valve should be able to open within one second and remain open until it is manually closed (Section 4.2, 4.1.5).
Chromatography columns of different types are used in both gas and liquid chromatography: Liquid chromatography: Traditional chromatography columns were made of glass. Modern columns are mostly made of borosilicate glass, acrylic glass or stainless steel. To prevent the stationary phase from leaking out of the column interior a polymer ...
Silanization (or siliconization) of glassware is a common application that increases the hydrophobicity of a glass container. Thus treated, the glassware produces a flat meniscus and allowing for more complete transfer of aqueous solutions. [2] [8] Silanization of glassware is used in cell culturing to minimize adherence of cells to flask walls ...
Column chromatography in chemistry is a chromatography method used to isolate a single chemical compound from a mixture. Chromatography is able to separate substances based on differential absorption of compounds to the adsorbent; compounds move through the column at different rates, allowing them to be separated into fractions.
Greatly unchanged from Tswett's time until the 1940s, normal phase chromatography was performed by passing a gravity-fed solvent through small glass tubes packed with pellicular adsorbent beads. [ citation needed ] It was in the 1940s, however, that there was a great revolution in gas chromatography (GC).
A high-performance countercurrent chromatography system. Countercurrent chromatography (CCC, also counter-current chromatography) is a form of liquid–liquid chromatography that uses a liquid stationary phase that is held in place by inertia of the molecules composing the stationary phase accelerating toward the center of a centrifuge due to centripetal force [1] and is used to separate ...
Thermally related benefits of gas chromatography can now be applied to classes of compounds that are restricted to liquid chromatography due to their thermolability. In place of solvent gradient elution, thermoresponsive polymers allow the use of temperature gradients under purely aqueous isocratic conditions. [ 2 ]