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The Free City of Danzig (German: Freie Stadt Danzig; Polish: Wolne Miasto Gdańsk) was a city-state under the protection and oversight of the League of Nations between 1920 and 1939, consisting of the Baltic Sea port of Danzig (now Gdańsk, Poland) and nearly 200 other small localities in the surrounding areas. [4]
Free City of Danzig within Europe, circa 1930: Image title: A political map of Europe circa 1930, highlighting the Free City of Danzig. This map is based upon Blank map of Europe.svg, info of which follows: A blank Map of Europe. Every country has an id which is its ISO-3166-1-ALPHA2 code in lower case.
As a result of World War I, the Treaty of Versailles allocated most of West Prussia to the Second Polish Republic, and the Danzig Region was dissolved in 1920. The city of Danzig and its environs became the Free City of Danzig. A few eastern areas of the Danzig Region remained in the Free State of Prussia in Weimar Germany, however.
In 1939, the region was invaded, then included in the Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia within Nazi Germany during World War II and settled with 130,000 German colonists, [20] while between 120,000 and 170,000 Poles and Jews were removed by the Germans through expulsion, massacres, enslavement or killed in extermination camps. [21]
With the unification of Germany in 1871 under Prussian hegemony, the city became part of the German Empire and remained so until 1919, after Germany's defeat in World War I. [75] Starting from the 1850s, long-established Danzig families often felt marginalized by the new town elite originating from mainland Germany.
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The district was formed from parts of the previous Danzig Rural District within the Danzig Region in the province of West Prussia, within the Kingdom of Prussia, itself a part of Germany since 1871. In 1910, the district had 53,506 inhabitants, of which 23,955 were Protestant and 29,206 were Catholic . 9.7% had officially declared that they ...
After the invasion of Poland by Nazi Germany, the territories of the former districts of Neustadt and Putzig were annexed and added to the newly formed Reichsgau West Prussia, later renamed Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia. In the spring of 1945, the district was occupied by the Red Army and was restored to Poland.