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George Hammond developed the postulate during his professorship at Iowa State University. Hammond's postulate (or alternatively the Hammond–Leffler postulate), is a hypothesis in physical organic chemistry which describes the geometric structure of the transition state in an organic chemical reaction. [1]
In chemistry, solid-phase synthesis is a method in which molecules are covalently bound on a solid support material and synthesised step-by-step in a single reaction vessel utilising selective protecting group chemistry. Benefits compared with normal synthesis in a liquid state include: High efficiency and throughput; Increased simplicity and speed
An example of a simple chain reaction is the thermal decomposition of acetaldehyde (CH 3 CHO) to methane (CH 4) and carbon monoxide (CO). The experimental reaction order is 3/2, [4] which can be explained by a Rice-Herzfeld mechanism. [5] This reaction mechanism for acetaldehyde has 4 steps with rate equations for each step :
In a linear synthesis—often adequate for simple structures—several steps are performed sequentially until the molecule is complete; the chemical compounds made in each step are called synthetic intermediates. [1] Most often, each step in a synthesis is a separate reaction taking place to modify the starting materials.
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[3] [4] This has inspired the work of his student Paul Rothemund to develop a simple one pot synthesis of porphyrins. In 1935, Paul Rothemund reported the formation of porphyrin, from a simple reaction of pyrrole with gaseous acetaldehyde or formaldehyde in methanol followed by treatment with various concentrations of hydrochloric acid . [ 5 ]
An elimination reaction is a type of organic reaction in which two substituents are removed from a molecule in either a one- or two-step mechanism. [2] The one-step mechanism is known as the E2 reaction, and the two-step mechanism is known as the E1 reaction. The numbers refer not to the number of steps in the mechanism, but rather to the ...