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In archaeology and paleontology a faunal assemblage is a group of animal fossils found together in a given stratum. [1] In a non-deformed deposition, fossils are organized by stratum following the laws of uniformitarianism [2] and superposition, [3] which state that the natural phenomena observable today (such as death, decay, or post-mortem transport) also apply to the paleontological record ...
This principle, which received its name from the English geologist William Smith, is of great importance in determining the relative age of rocks and strata. [1] The fossil content of rocks together with the law of superposition helps to determine the time sequence in which sedimentary rocks were laid down.
Biostratigraphy is the branch of stratigraphy which focuses on correlating and assigning relative ages of rock strata by using the fossil assemblages contained within them. [1] The primary objective of biostratigraphy is correlation , demonstrating that a particular horizon in one geological section represents the same period of time as another ...
Fossil faunal and floral assemblages, both marine and terrestrial, make for distinctive marker horizons. [14] Tephrochronology is a method for geochemical correlation of unknown volcanic ash (tephra) to geochemically fingerprinted, dated tephra. Tephra is also often used as a dating tool in archaeology, since the dates of some eruptions are ...
An assemblage zone is a biozone defined by three or more different taxa, which may or may not be related. The boundaries of an assemblage zone are defined by the typical, specified fossil assemblage's occurrence: this can include the appearance, but also the disappearance of certain taxa. [1]
The standard stratigraphic nomenclature is a chronostratigraphic system based on palaeontological intervals of time defined by recognised fossil assemblages (biostratigraphy). The aim of chronostratigraphy is to give a meaningful age date to these fossil assemblage intervals and interfaces. [1]
A sequence of fossil-bearing sedimentary rocks can be subdivided on the basis of the occurrence of particular fossil taxa. A unit defined in this way is known as a biostratigraphic unit, generally shortened to biozone. [6] The five commonly used types of biozone are assemblage, range, abundance, interval and lineage zones. [7]
In other words, it is an assemblage of fossils or a community of specific time, which is different from "death assemblages" (thanatocoenoses). [2] No palaeontological assemblage will ever completely represent the original biological community (i.e. the biocoenosis, in the sense used by an ecologist ); the term thus has somewhat different ...