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Two thermal switches (Thermal Cut) Schematic symbol for a thermal overload switch A thermal switch (sometimes thermal reset or thermal cutout (TCO)) is a device which normally opens at a high temperature (often with a faint "plink" sound) and re-closes when the temperature drops.
A thermostat exerts control by switching heating or cooling devices on or off, or by regulating the flow of a heat transfer fluid as needed, to maintain the correct temperature. A thermostat can often be the main control unit for a heating or cooling system, in applications ranging from ambient air control to automotive coolant control.
For example, a surface ceiling light is shown by one symbol, a recessed ceiling light has a different symbol, and a surface fluorescent light has another symbol. Each type of switch has a different symbol and so do the various outlets. There are symbols that show the location of smoke detectors, the doorbell chime, and thermostat.
Circuit diagrams are pictures with symbols that have differed from country to country and have changed over time, but are now to a large extent internationally standardized.
Energy regulator of an electric stove with a glass-ceramic hob. 1: Electric contacts (here closed); 2: Bimetal; 3: Heater for Bimetal. An infinite switch, simmerstat, energy regulator or infinite controller is a type of switch that allows variable power output of a heating element of an electric stove.
Between points 4 and 5, the liquid refrigerant goes through the expansion valve (also called a throttle valve) where its pressure abruptly decreases, causing flash evaporation and auto-refrigeration of, typically, less than half of the liquid. That results in a mixture of liquid and vapour at a lower temperature and pressure as shown at point 5.
Steam engines promoted automation through the need to control engine speed and power.. The introduction of prime movers, or self-driven machines advanced grain mills, furnaces, boilers, and the steam engine created a new requirement for automatic control systems including temperature regulators (invented in 1624; see Cornelius Drebbel), pressure regulators (1681), float regulators (1700) and ...
A thermostat operates by switching heaters or air-conditioners on and off in response to the output of a temperature sensor. Cruise control adjusts a car's throttle in response to changes in speed. [87] [88] An autopilot operates the steering controls of an aircraft or ship in response to deviation from a pre-set compass bearing or route. [89]