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An ester of a carboxylic acid.R stands for any group (typically hydrogen or organyl) and R ′ stands for any organyl group.. In chemistry, an ester is a compound derived from an acid (organic or inorganic) in which the hydrogen atom (H) of at least one acidic hydroxyl group (−OH) of that acid is replaced by an organyl group (R ′). [1]
An ester of carboxylic acid.R stands for any group (organic or inorganic) and R′ stands for organyl group.. In chemistry, an ester is a compound derived from an acid (organic or inorganic) in which the hydrogen atom (H) of at least one acidic hydroxyl group (−OH) of that acid is replaced by an organyl group (−R).
For example, the sodium benzoate is an ionic compound with the structure C 6 H 5 –CO–O − Na +, and its condensed structural formula usually written as C 6 H 5 CO 2 Na. The suffix comes from "-oic acid". The most common examples of compounds named with the "oate" suffix are esters, like ethyl acetate, CH 3 COOCH 2 CH 3.
For esters such as ethyl acetate (CH 3 COOCH 2 CH 3), ethyl formate (HCOOCH 2 CH 3) or dimethyl phthalate that are based on common acids, IUPAC recommends use of these established names, called retained names. The "-oate" changes to "-ate." Some simple examples, named both ways, are shown in the figure above.
A general acyl group (blue) in a ketone (top left), as an acylium cation (top centre), as an acyl radical (top right), an aldehyde (bottom left), ester (bottom centre) or amide (bottom right). (R 1, R 2 and R 3 stands for organyl substituent or hydrogen in the case of R 1)
Esters with the general formula R 1 SO 2 OR 2 are called sulfonic esters.Individual members of the category are named analogously to how ordinary carboxyl esters are named.For example, if the R 2 group is a methyl group and the R 1 group is a trifluoromethyl group, the resulting compound is methyl trifluoromethanesulfonate.
General structure of a thionoester, where R and R' are organyl groups, or H in the case of R Skeletal formula of methyl thionobenzoate. Thionoesters are isomeric with thioesters. In a thionoester, sulfur replaces the carbonyl oxygen in an ester. Methyl thionobenzoate is C 6 H 5 C(S)OCH 3.
General structures of mono-, di-, and tri-acylglycerides with names according to the stereospecific numbering Fatty acid Vegetable oils and animal fats contain mostly triglycerides, but are broken down by natural enzymes ( lipases ) into mono and diglycerides and free fatty acids and glycerol.