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[3] [4] Griffith's findings were followed by research in the late 1930s and early 40s that isolated DNA as the material that communicated this genetic information. Pneumonia was a serious cause of death in the wake of the post-WWI Spanish influenza pandemic, and Griffith was studying the possibility of creating a vaccine.
Frederick Griffith (1877–1941) was a British bacteriologist whose focus was the epidemiology and pathology of bacterial pneumonia.In January 1928 he reported what is now known as Griffith's Experiment, the first widely accepted demonstrations of bacterial transformation, whereby a bacterium distinctly changes its form and function.
In 1952, Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase confirmed that the genetic material of the bacteriophage, the virus which infects bacteria, is made up of DNA [4] (see Hershey–Chase experiment). In 1953, James Watson and Francis Crick discovered the double helical structure of the DNA molecule based on the discoveries made by Rosalind Franklin. [5]
Hershey–Chase experiment proves that phage genetic material is DNA. 1952: The Hershey–Chase experiment proves the genetic information of phages (and, by implication, all other organisms) to be DNA. [29] 1952: an X-ray diffraction image of DNA was taken by Raymond Gosling in May 1952, a student supervised by Rosalind Franklin. [30]
DNA's role in heredity was confirmed in 1952 when Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase in the Hershey–Chase experiment showed that DNA is the genetic material of the enterobacteria phage T2. [205] Photo 51, showing X-ray diffraction pattern of DNA
Thus, the Hershey–Chase experiment helped to confirm that DNA, not protein, is the genetic material. [ 6 ] Hershey and Chase showed that the introduction of deoxyribonuclease (referred to as DNase ), an enzyme that breaks down DNA, into a solution containing the labeled bacteriophages did not introduce any 32 P into the solution.
Keto-enol tautomerism#DNA, the final key insight, from a Pauling collaborator, that the textbooks of the time were wrong, that led to the solved structure; Avery-MacLeod-McCarty experiment, the first demonstration that DNA was likely to be the genetic material; Chargaff's rules, which showed that A:T and G:C occurred in equal amounts
Hershey–Chase experiment. Confirmation that DNA is the genetic material which is cause of infection came from the Hershey–Chase experiment. They used E.coli and bacteriophage for the experiment. This experiment is also known as blender experiment, as kitchen blender was used as a major piece of apparatus.