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Humans normally have five digits on each extremity. Each digit is formed by several bones called phalanges, surrounded by soft tissue. Human fingers normally have a nail at the distal phalanx. The phenomenon of polydactyly occurs when extra digits are present; fewer digits than normal are also possible, for instance in ectrodactyly.
Human hand anatomy (pentadactyl) In biology, dactyly is the arrangement of digits (fingers and toes) on the hands, feet, or sometimes wings of a tetrapod animal. The term is derived from the Greek word δακτυλος (dáktylos) meaning "finger." Sometimes the suffix "-dactylia" is used. The derived adjectives end with "-dactyl" or "-dactylous."
Brachydactyly (from Greek βραχύς (brachus) 'short' and δάκτυλος (daktulos) 'finger') is a medical term denoting the presence of abnormally short digits (fingers or toes) at birth. The shortness is relative to the length of other long bones and other parts of the body. Brachydactyly is an inherited, dominant trait.
The second finger under this system will refer to the index finger (or second digit) in medicine, [3] or in a musical context when referencing the playing of keyboard instruments. [2] The third finger usually refers to the middle finger (or third digit) in a medical context, [1] or in a musical context when referring to keyboard instruments. [2]
The thumb is the first digit of the hand, next to the index finger. [A] When a person is standing in the medical anatomical position (where the palm is facing to the front), the thumb is the outermost digit.
This is a rare condition, in which the extra digit is on the ring, middle or index finger. Of these fingers, the index finger is most often affected, whereas the ring finger is rarely affected. [17] This type of polydactyly can be associated with syndactyly, cleft hand, and several other syndromes.
The English word finger stems from Old English finger, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *fingraz ('finger'). It is cognate with Gothic figgrs, Old Norse fingr, or Old High German fingar. Linguists generally assume that *fingraz is a ro-stem deriving from a previous form *fimfe, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pénkʷe ('five'). [34]
the digital/phalangeal region encompassing the fingers. The thumb is referred to as the pollex. The posterior view contains, from superior to inferior, the cervical region encompassing the neck, the scapular region encompassing the scapulae and the area around, the dorsal region encompassing the upper back; the lumbar region encompassing the ...