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Franz Joseph Haydn [a] (/ ˈ h aɪ d ən / HY-dən; German: [ˈfʁants ˈjoːzɛf ˈhaɪdn̩] ⓘ; 31 March [b] 1732 – 31 May 1809) was an Austrian composer of the Classical period. He was instrumental in the development of chamber music such as the string quartet and piano trio . [ 2 ]
Joseph Haydn's skull on the altar of the Bergkirche in Eisenstadt, 1954. The skull of composer Joseph Haydn was stolen shortly after his death in 1809; the perpetrators were interested in examining it for purposes of phrenology. The thieves were identified eleven years later, but as a result of their clever maneuvering went unpunished.
English-language authors also occasionally use "Josef Haydn" (with or without "Franz"). The spelling of "Joseph" with an f was not found in Haydn's day but is an adaptation of "Joseph" to what is now the normal spelling for this name in German. The change within German to "Josef" can be seen in the Ngram Viewer data for German-language books ...
Masses nos. 9–14 form a group: each was composed by Haydn for the Esterházy family, to celebrate the name day (12 September) of Princess Maria Hermenegild, the wife of Prince Nikolaus II and a friend of the composer. [2] The composition of these masses was Haydn's principal duty to his old employers at this time of his career.
Painting of Haydn by John Hoppner (1791) Joseph Haydn was a prolific composer of the classical period. He is regarded as the "father of the symphony" and the "father of the string quartet" for his more than 100 symphonies and almost 70 string quartets. Haydn also produced numerous operas, masses, concertos, piano sonatas and other
Joseph Haydn, portrait by Thomas Hardy, 1791. Haydn set most of the narration from the Genesis in secco recitative. The rendering of the words is simple, different for example from Bach's approach in the parts of the Evangelist in his Passions. Haydn exceptions are the two recitatives opening Part I and II, which are accompanied by the orchestra.
The text of The Creation has a long history. The three sources are Genesis, the Biblical book of Psalms, and John Milton's Paradise Lost.In 1795, when Haydn was leaving England, the impresario Johann Peter Salomon (1745–1815) who had arranged his concerts there handed him a new poem entitled The Creation of the World.
The Crucifix on the Charles Bridge in Prague. The Seven Last Words of Our Saviour on the Cross (German: Die sieben letzten Worte unseres Erlösers am Kreuze) is an orchestral work by Joseph Haydn, commissioned in 1786 for the Good Friday service at Oratorio de la Santa Cueva (Holy Cave Oratory) in Cádiz, Spain.