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The EAR99 designation covers the majority of items that fall under the regulations but are not listed in the CCL. [9] These items are generally low-technology consumer goods not requiring a license, with some exceptions such as items sent to an embargoed country or an end-user of concern, or to be used for a prohibited end-use.
The United States Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) assigns an alphanumeric code, known as the Commodity Classification Automated Tracking System (CCATS), to products classified under the Export Administration Regulations (EAR).
Goods may be classified using a various classification systems. The United States uses the Export Control Classification Number (ECCN), [5] India uses the Special Chemicals, Organisms, Materials, Equipment and Technologies (SCOMET) list [6] and Japan uses Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) lists.
In the United States, CoCom compliance was implemented by various statutes authorizing the President to regulate exports, including the Export Control Act of 1949, the Export Administration Act of 1969, the Export Administration Act of 1979, the Arms Export Control Act (AECA), the Trading with the Enemy Act, and the International Emergency Economic Powers Act, among others.
Participating states of the Wassenaar Arrangement. The Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls for Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies is a multilateral export control regime established on 12 July 1996, in Wassenaar, near The Hague, Netherlands.
Numerous other U.S. federal agencies have their own niche export control regulations. The first step in exporting a Commerce Control List item under the Bureau of Industry and Security regulations is to identify the Export Control Classification Number .
An EEI is generally required when any one commodity on a given shipment exceeds in value. There are four conditions that necessitate filing an EEI regardless of value: a) if the export destination is Cuba, Iran, North Korea, Sudan, or Syria; b) if the shipment requires an export license or permit; c) if it is subject to the International Traffic in Arms Regulations; or d) if it contains rough ...
Where the definition of "defense service" includes "the furnishing of assistance (including training) to foreign persons, whether in the United States or abroad in the design, development, engineering, manufacture, production, assembly, testing, repair, maintenance, modification, operation, demilitarization, destruction, processing or use of ...