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GRLevel2 is a Windows viewer for live and archived NEXRAD Level II data (volumetric reflectivity and velocity data [2]). Base reflectivity, base velocity, storm relative velocity, and spectrum width sweeps for all radar tilts can be ingested. The display has high speed zooming and panning to allow the user a quickly focus on the area of interest.
NEXRAD or Nexrad (Next-Generation Radar) is a network of 159 high-resolution S-band Doppler weather radars operated by the National Weather Service (NWS), an agency of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) within the United States Department of Commerce, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) within the Department of Transportation, and the U.S. Air Force within the ...
The formation of descending reflectivity cores in supercell thunderstorms is a complex process influenced by various atmospheric dynamics. Research, particularly involving high-resolution radar data and numerical simulations, has identified several mechanisms through which DRCs can develop:
A tornadic debris signature (TDS), often colloquially referred to as a debris ball, [1] is an area of high reflectivity on weather radar caused by debris lofting into the air, usually associated with a tornado. [1] [2] A TDS may also be indicated by dual-polarization radar products, designated as a polarimetric tornado debris signature (PTDS).
The scale of dBZ values can be seen along the bottom of the image. dBZ is a logarithmic dimensionless technical unit used in radar. It is mostly used in weather radar, to compare the equivalent reflectivity factor (Z) of a remote object (in mm 6 per m 3) to the return of a droplet of rain with a diameter of 1 mm (1 mm 6 per m 3). [1]
In the composite reflectivity product, the highest intensities among those available on the different angles above each point in the image will be displayed. It is a radar product created to compare low-level reflectivity with total reflectivity in the air column in order to identify certain cloud characteristics or artifacts in radar data. [1]
The presence of a hail spike in the reflectivity pattern is an important clue. It is an area of weak reflectivity extending away from the radar immediately behind a thunderstorm with hail. It is caused by radiation from the radar bouncing from hailstone to hailstone or the ground before being reflected back to the radar.
The first advantage the ASR-11 offers is the use of a low peak-power, solid state transmitter with pulse compression technology, replacing the ASR-9's high peak-power, short pulse power system. This gives the radar the ability to provide the same amount of energy to a target at long range while making the radar less sensitive at shorter ranges.