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Sucralfate is a locally acting substance that in an acidic environment (pH < 4) reacts with hydrochloric acid in the stomach to form a cross-linking, viscous, paste-like material capable of acting as an acid buffer for as long as 6 to 8 hours after a single dose. [29]
In the Western world, between 10 and 20% of the population is affected by GERD. [9] It is highly prevalent in North America with 18% to 28% of the population suffering from the condition. [13] Occasional gastroesophageal reflux without troublesome symptoms or complications is even more common. [6]
Heartburn, also known as pyrosis, cardialgia or acid indigestion, [2] is a burning sensation in the central chest or upper central abdomen. [3] [4] [5] Heartburn is usually due to regurgitation of gastric acid (gastric reflux) into the esophagus.
Reflux esophagitis Gastroesophageal reflux disease is usually assumed to be caused by inflammation from gastric acid reflux which irritates the mucosa . One study suggests that the pathogenesis of may be cytokine -mediated.
Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) or laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD) is the retrograde flow of gastric contents into the larynx, oropharynx and/or the nasopharynx. [4] [5] LPR causes respiratory symptoms such as cough and wheezing [6] and is often associated with head and neck complaints such as dysphonia, globus pharyngis, and dysphagia. [7]
The end results of reflux nephropathy can include high blood pressure, excessive protein loss in the urine, and eventually kidney failure. When reflux nephropathy is suspected as a cause of kidney disease, other conditions to consider include chronic pyelonephritis, obstructive uropathy, and analgesic overuse.
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A bland diet allows the digestive tract to heal before introducing foods that are more difficult to digest. A bland diet is designed primarily to help patients recover from gastrointestinal conditions or other medical circumstances in which improved digestion would be essential. [2] It is not especially effective as a long-term weight loss diet ...