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[28] [42] Lockwood and Fröhlich, 2007, found "considerable evidence for solar influence on the Earth's pre-industrial climate and the Sun may well have been a factor in post-industrial climate change in the first half of the last century", but that "over the past 20 years, all the trends in the Sun that could have had an influence on the Earth ...
The amount of heat energy received at any location on the globe is a direct effect of Sun angle on climate, as the angle at which sunlight strikes Earth varies by location, time of day, and season due to Earth's orbit around the Sun and Earth's rotation around its tilted axis.
At best, it’s viewed as a means of temporarily staving off the direst weather effects of climate change while the world carries out the lengthy and expensive effort of decarbonizing the global ...
As the Sun is the Earth's primary energy source, changes in incoming sunlight directly affect the climate system. [140] Solar irradiance has been measured directly by satellites , [ 147 ] and indirect measurements are available from the early 1600s onwards. [ 140 ]
This projection effect is the main reason why Earth's polar regions are much colder than equatorial regions. On an annual average, the poles receive less insolation than does the equator, because the poles are always angled more away from the Sun than the tropics, and moreover receive no insolation at all for the six months of their respective ...
[2]: 2224 The result is Earth's climate. Earth's energy budget depends on many factors, such as atmospheric aerosols, greenhouse gases, surface albedo, clouds, and land use patterns. When the incoming and outgoing energy fluxes are in balance, Earth is in radiative equilibrium and the climate system will be relatively stable.
The energy of this sunlight supports almost all life [b] on Earth by photosynthesis, [13] and drives Earth's climate and weather. [14] As recent as the 19th century, scientists had little knowledge of the Sun's physical composition and source of energy.
The smaller-scale weather systems – mid-latitude depressions, or tropical convective cells – occur chaotically, and long-range weather predictions of those cannot be made beyond ten days in practice, or a month in theory (see chaos theory and the butterfly effect). The Earth's weather is a consequence of its illumination by the Sun and the ...