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A precursor to the SMPTE test pattern was conceived by Norbert D. Larky (1927–2018) [5] [6] and David D. Holmes (1926–2006) [7] [8] of RCA Laboratories and first published in RCA Licensee Bulletin LB-819 on February 7, 1951. U.S. patent 2,742,525 Color Test Pattern Generator (now expired) was awarded on April 17, 1956, to Larky and Holmes. [9]
Test cards typically contain a set of patterns to enable television cameras and receivers to be adjusted to show the picture correctly (see SMPTE color bars).Most modern test cards include a set of calibrated color bars which will produce a characteristic pattern of "dot landings" on a vectorscope, allowing chroma and tint to be precisely adjusted between generations of videotape or network feeds.
Snell & Wilcox SW2 and SW4 "Zone Plate" Test Chart (also referred to as Snell & Wilcox Test Pattern) were TV test cards introduced in the 1990s and used with NTSC, PAL and SDTV systems. [1] Popular versions of the test charts were made available on Laserdisc and DVD-Video, allowing home users and professionals to test and calibrate their equipment.
Experimental broadcasts using the first three prototype versions of the UEIT (one of which was a modification of the Hungarian HTV TR.0782 test card; [9] but all were collectively referred to as UEIT-1) began from the Ostankino Tower transmitter in 1970, with results being used to create the current version of the test pattern.
For televisions the picture line-up generation equipment (PLUGE or pluge) is a greyscale test pattern used in order to adjust the black level and contrast of the picture monitor. Various PLUGE patterns can be generated, the most common consisting of three vertical bars of super-black, normal black, and near-black and two rectangles of mid-gray ...
The RMA 1946 Resolution Chart was transmitted by NTS and NOS in the Netherlands, SRG SSR in Switzerland, [18] VRT and RTBF in Belgium, RTP in Portugal, TVP in Poland, TVB in Hong Kong, [citation needed] Venevisión in Venezuela (525-lines variant; in conjunction with Indian-head test pattern), [citation needed] WISN-TV in Milwaukee, Wisconsin (525-lines variant) [19] and on low-powered ...
The Indian-head test pattern is a test card that gained widespread adoption during the black-and-white television broadcasting era as an aid in the calibration of television equipment. It features a drawing of a Native American wearing a headdress surrounded by numerous graphic elements designed to test different aspects of broadcast display.
Philips circle pattern was also used by Channel 7 from 1995 (when station was replacing its previously Telefunken FuBK [102] [103] which was used from 1982 until 1995) [104] [105] [106] until it switched to a 24/7 schedule on 11 March 2010. the Philips circle pattern was also used by MCOT HD (then as Channel 9) [107] from 1995 until it switched ...