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Matter in the liquid state maintains a fixed volume (assuming no change in temperature or air pressure), but has a variable shape that adapts to fit its container. Its particles are still close together but move freely. Matter in the gaseous state has both variable volume and shape, adapting both to fit its container.
Matter organizes into various phases or states of matter depending on its constituents and external factors like pressure and temperature.Except at extreme temperatures and pressures, atoms form the three classical states of matter: solid, liquid and gas.
Liquid is one of the four primary states of matter, with the others being solid, gas and plasma. A liquid is a fluid. Unlike a solid, the molecules in a liquid have a much greater freedom to move. The forces that bind the molecules together in a solid are only temporary in a liquid, allowing a liquid to flow while a solid remains rigid.
A suspension of liquid droplets or fine solid particles in a gas is called an aerosol. In the atmosphere , the suspended particles are called particulates and consist of fine dust and soot particles, sea salt , biogenic and volcanogenic sulfates , nitrates , and cloud droplets.
Strange matter is a particular form of quark matter, usually thought of as a liquid of up, down, and strange quarks. It is contrasted with nuclear matter , which is a liquid of neutrons and protons (which themselves are built out of up and down quarks), and with non-strange quark matter, which is a quark liquid that contains only up and down ...
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The variety of light elements present in Earth's outer core is constrained in part by Earth's accretion. [16] Namely, the light elements contained must have been abundant during Earth's formation, must be able to partition into liquid iron at low pressures, and must not volatilize and escape during Earth's accretionary process. [14] [16]
A phase diagram in physical chemistry, engineering, mineralogy, and materials science is a type of chart used to show conditions (pressure, temperature, etc.) at which thermodynamically distinct phases (such as solid, liquid or gaseous states) occur and coexist at equilibrium.