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As unopposed estrogen therapy (using estrogen alone without progesterone) increases the risk of endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer in women with intact uteruses, estradiol is usually combined with a progestogen like progesterone or medroxyprogesterone acetate to prevent the effects of estradiol on the endometrium.
Conjugated estrogens (Premarin) – 25 mg/vial; Estradiol cypionate (Depo-Estradiol, Estradiol Cypionate) – 5 mg/mL (1 mg/mL and 3 mg/mL discontinued) Estradiol valerate (Delestrogen, Estradiol Valerate) – 10 mg/mL, 20 mg/mL, 40 mg/mL; Polyestradiol phosphate (Estradurin) was previously available in the U.S. but was discontinued.
An estrogen (E) is a type of medication which is used most commonly in hormonal birth control and menopausal hormone therapy, and as part of feminizing hormone therapy for transgender women. [1] They can also be used in the treatment of hormone-sensitive cancers like breast cancer and prostate cancer and for various other indications.
A number of studies have also found that the combined effects of estrogen/androgen replacement therapy can increase libido and arousal over estrogen alone. [22] Tibolone, a synthetic steroid with estrogenic, androgenic, and progestogenic properties that is available in Europe, has the ability to improve mood, libido, and physical symptomatology ...
Estrogen is a sex-hormone that plays a major role in women's body function. [20] Estrogen also plays a major role in stimulating breast cancer as it binds and activates the estrogen receptor (ER). When the ER is activated it activates other genes that are responsible for multiple actions of the breast cancer.
It is a relatively weak estrogen, with much lower activity than estradiol. [5] However, estrone is converted in the body into estradiol, which provides most or all of its estrogenic potency. [5] [12] As such, estrone is a prodrug of estradiol. [5] Estrone was first discovered in 1929, and was introduced for medical use shortly thereafter.