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Civil War tokens are token coins that were privately minted and distributed in the United States between 1861 and 1864. They were used mainly in the Northeast and Midwest . The widespread use of the tokens was a result of the scarcity of government-issued cents during the Civil War .
Hard times tokens have been cataloged by Russell Rulau, based on earlier work by Lyman H. Low, and his numbering of types is the standard. Rulau classifies tokens broadly into: [4] Political tokens referring to the Second Bank of the United States controversy. Political tokens with satirical and other slogans and images.
In North America, tokens were originally issued by merchants from the 18th century in regions where national or local colonial governments did not issue enough small denomination coins for circulation. In the United States, Hard times tokens issued from 1832 to 1844 and Civil War tokens issued in the 1860s made up for shortages of official ...
The widespread use of the tokens was a result of the scarcity of government-issued cents during the Civil War. Civil War tokens became illegal after the United States Congress passed a law on April 22, 1864 prohibiting the issue of any one or two-cent coins, tokens or devices for use as currency. On June 8, 1864 an additional law was passed ...
In addition, the Red Book lists commemorative coins, mint sets and proof sets, and bullion coins, as well as significant U.S. pattern coins, private and territorial gold, Hard-times tokens and Civil War tokens. Also listed are Confederate issues, Hawaiian tokens and coins, Philippine issues and Alaskan tokens.
The Token and Medal Society was founded on November 19, 1960, in Detroit and formally incorporated on April 8, 1966. [1] Among the founding members were well-known numismatists Q. David Bowers, Clifford Mishler, and Russell Rulau. [2] TAMS encompasses a wide range of material, including civil war tokens, hard times tokens, subway tokens and ...
Pages in category "Token coins" The following 28 pages are in this category, out of 28 total. ... Civil War token; Communion token; Conder token; E. Evasion ...
These tokens were issued privately to circulate in the local economy as a one cent coin. They had a wide variety of subject matter, including advertising and political/satirical themes (anti-slavery, anti-Jackson). Civil War tokens were made between 1861 and 1864 due to the scarcity of government-issued cents during the American Civil War.