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  2. Tangent lines to circles - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tangent_lines_to_circles

    In Euclidean plane geometry, a tangent line to a circle is a line that touches the circle at exactly one point, never entering the circle's interior. Tangent lines to circles form the subject of several theorems , and play an important role in many geometrical constructions and proofs .

  3. Tangent circles - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tangent_circles

    In geometry, tangent circles (also known as kissing circles) are circles in a common plane that intersect in a single point. There are two types of tangency : internal and external. Many problems and constructions in geometry are related to tangent circles; such problems often have real-life applications such as trilateration and maximizing the ...

  4. Circle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circle

    If a tangent from an external point A meets the circle at F and a secant from the external point A meets the circle at C and D respectively, then AF 2 = AC × AD (tangent–secant theorem). The angle between a chord and the tangent at one of its endpoints is equal to one half the angle subtended at the centre of the circle, on the opposite side ...

  5. Tangent - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tangent

    Tangent to a curve. The red line is tangential to the curve at the point marked by a red dot. Tangent plane to a sphere. In geometry, the tangent line (or simply tangent) to a plane curve at a given point is, intuitively, the straight line that "just touches" the curve at that point.

  6. Descartes' theorem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Descartes'_theorem

    Kissing circles. Given three mutually tangent circles (black), there are, in general, two possible answers (red) as to what radius a fourth tangent circle can have.In geometry, Descartes' theorem states that for every four kissing, or mutually tangent, circles, the radii of the circles satisfy a certain quadratic equation.

  7. Monge's theorem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monge's_theorem

    For any two circles in a plane, an external tangent is a line that is tangent to both circles but does not pass between them. There are two such external tangent lines for any two circles. Each such pair has a unique intersection point in the extended Euclidean plane. Monge's theorem states that the three such points given by the three pairs of ...

  8. Power of a point - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_of_a_point

    All tangent circles to the given circles can be found by varying line . Positions of the centers Circles tangent to two circles. If is the center and the radius of the circle, that is tangent to the given circles at the points ,, then:

  9. Circle packing theorem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circle_packing_theorem

    The intersection graph of a circle packing is the graph having a vertex for each circle, and an edge for every pair of circles that are tangent. If the circle packing is on the plane, or, equivalently, on the sphere, then its intersection graph is called a coin graph ; more generally, intersection graphs of interior-disjoint geometric objects ...