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In terms of the actual load on a structure, there is no difference between dead or live loading, but the split occurs for use in safety calculations or ease of analysis on complex models. To meet the requirement that design strength be higher than maximum loads, building codes prescribe that, for structural design, loads are increased by load ...
A load case is a combination of different types of loads with safety factors applied to them. A structure is checked for strength and serviceability against all the load cases it is likely to experience during its lifetime. Typical load cases for design for strength (ultimate load cases; ULS) are: 1.2 x Dead Load + 1.6 x Live Load
ASD is calibrated to give the same structural reliability and component size as the LRFD method with a live to dead load ratio of 3. [5] Consequently, when structures have a live to dead load ratio that differs from 3, ASD produces designs that are either less reliable or less efficient as compared to designs resulting from the LRFD method.
These calculations are performed for a series of load combinations applied to the structure, as specified by the relevant design code. The following tables show some example load combinations from different codes. (Note that it is important to ensure that the design factors and load cases used in a design are consistently applied from a single ...
L = live load due to occupancy, L r = roof live load, S = snow load, R = nominal load due to initial rainwater or ice, exclusive of the ponding contribution, T = self straining load, W = wind load, W i = wind on ice.. Special Provisions exist for accounting flood loads and atmospheric loads i.e. D i and W i
In the context to structural analysis, a structure refers to a body or system of connected parts used to support a load. Important examples related to Civil Engineering include buildings, bridges, and towers; and in other branches of engineering, ship and aircraft frames, tanks, pressure vessels, mechanical systems, and electrical supporting structures are important.
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If a load is applied sufficiently slowly, the inertia forces (Newton's first law of motion) can be ignored and the analysis can be simplified as static analysis. A static load is one which varies very slowly. A dynamic load is one which changes with time fairly quickly in comparison to the structure's natural frequency.