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Relief depicting a Gallo-Roman harvester. Roman agriculture describes the farming practices of ancient Rome, during a period of over 1000 years.From humble beginnings, the Roman Republic (509 BC–27 BC) and the Roman Empire (27 BC–476 AD) expanded to rule much of Europe, northern Africa, and the Middle East and thus comprised many agricultural environments of which the Mediterranean climate ...
The city of Rome imported all the grain consumed by its population, estimated to number 1,000,000 by the 2nd century AD. This included recipients of the grain dole or corn dole, [a] a state-run social welfare program which gave out heavily subsidized and later free grain or bread to about 200,000 of Rome's adult male citizens. [b]
Kitchens that did have roofs must have been extremely smokey, since the only ventilation would come from high windows or holes in the ceiling; while the Romans built chimneys for their bakeries and smithies, they were unknown in private dwellings until about the 12th century A.D, well after the collapse of Roman civilization. [38] [39]
When Romans made their regular visits to burial sites to care for the dead, they poured a libation, facilitated at some tombs with a feeding tube into the grave. Romans drank their wine mixed with water, or in "mixed drinks" with flavorings. Mulsum was a mulled sweet wine, and apsinthium was a wormwood-flavored forerunner of absinthe. [37]
An exploration of ancient sewers beneath the Colosseum, the world’s most recognizable stadium, revealed the kinds of food spectators snacked on in the stands and the animals that met their fate ...
Ash cake was the ancient Roman term for food produced in the ashes of a fire. This type of food may be the ancestor of Italian flatbread focaccia. [3] Many baked goods included large quantities of honey and oil. [2] Leaves were used to flavor the bread. [11] The Romans adopted a Gaulic technique of adding froth to bread dough to make light ...
Landscape resulting from the ruina montium mining technique at Las Médulas, Roman Spain, one of the most important gold mines in the Roman Empire. The main mining regions of the Empire were Spain (gold, silver, copper, tin, lead); Gaul (gold, silver, iron); Britain (mainly iron, lead, tin), the Danubian provinces (gold, iron); Macedonia and Thrace (gold, silver); and Asia Minor (gold, silver ...
Furthermore, ancient Romans “had no concept of the shark separate from fish. They just knew a bunch of different fishes and one of them happened to be what we [now] would call a small shark ...