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Ontological reductionism: a belief that the whole of reality consists of a minimal number of parts. Methodological reductionism: the scientific attempt to provide an explanation in terms of ever-smaller entities. Theory reductionism: the suggestion that a newer theory does not replace or absorb an older one, but reduces it to more basic terms ...
Lewontin, Rose and Kamin identify themselves as "respectively an evolutionary geneticist, a neurobiologist, and a psychologist." They criticize biological determinism and reductionism, and state that they share a commitment to the creation of a socialist society and a recognition that "a critical science is an integral part of the struggle to create that society".
Determinism is the philosophical view that all events in the universe, including human decisions and actions, are causally inevitable. [1] Deterministic theories throughout the history of philosophy have developed from diverse and sometimes overlapping motives and considerations.
Social determinism is the theory that social interactions alone determine individual behavior (as opposed to biological or objective factors). [ citation needed ] A social determinist would only consider social dynamics like customs, cultural expectations, education, and interpersonal interactions as the contributing factors to shape human ...
Some critics view evolutionary psychology as influenced by genetic determinism and reductionism. [1] [64] [14] [23] [68] [69] Evolutionary psychology is based on the theory that human physiology and psychology are influenced by genes. Evolutionary psychologists assume that genes contain instructions for building and operating an organism and ...
Post-Marxism is a perspective in critical social theory which radically reinterprets Marxism, countering its association with economism, historical determinism, anti-humanism, and class reductionism, [1] whilst remaining committed to the construction of socialism.
Reductionism, for instance, is a view that all matters in the universe are arranged hierarchically, and that causation only occurs at the lower levels of this hierarchy. [8] A tight link exists between reductive mechanistic science and biological determinism , contributing to the argument that biological causes are the only causes, or the most ...
Technological determinism is a reductionist theory in assuming that a society's technology progresses by following its own internal logic of efficiency, while determining the development of the social structure and cultural values. [1] The term is believed to have originated from Thorstein Veblen (1857–1929), an American sociologist and ...