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  2. Ezāfe - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ezāfe

    [1] [3] [4] [2] In Hindi-Urdu, a short vowel "i" is used to connect these two words, and when pronouncing the newly formed word the short vowel is connected to the first word. If the first word ends in a consonant or an ʿain ( ع ), it may be written as zer ( ــِـ ) at the end of the first word, but usually is not written at all.

  3. Hindustani grammar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindustani_grammar

    Compound verbs, a highly visible feature of Hindi–Urdu grammar, consist of a verbal stem plus a light verb. The light verb (also called "subsidiary", "explicator verb", and "vector" [ 55 ] ) loses its own independent meaning and instead "lends a certain shade of meaning" [ 56 ] to the main or stem verb, which "comprises the lexical core of ...

  4. Letter (message) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Letter_(message)

    The study of letter writing usually involves both the study of rhetoric and grammar. [6] Historians of the medieval period often study family letter collections, which gather the personal and business correspondence of a group of related people and shed light on their daily life.

  5. Periphrasis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periphrasis

    English often needs two or three verbs to express the same meaning that Latin expresses with a single verb. Latin is a relatively synthetic language; it expresses grammatical meaning using inflection, whereas the verb system of English, a Germanic language, is relatively analytic; it uses auxiliary verbs to express functional meaning.

  6. National Language Promotion Department - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Language...

    The National Language Promotion Department (Urdu: اِدارۀ فروغِ قومی زُبان Idāra-ē Farōġ-ē Qaumī Zabān [ɪ.ˈd̪aː.rə.eː fə.ˈroːɣ.eː ˈqɔː.mi zə.ˈbaːn]), formerly known as the National Language Authority (or Urdu Language Authority), [1] is an autonomous regulatory institution established in 1979 to support the advancement and promotion of Urdu, which is ...

  7. Interlinear gloss - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interlinear_gloss

    According to the Leipzig Glossing Rules, it is standard to left-align the words in the object language with the corresponding words in the metalanguage; this alignment can be seen between lines (1-3) and line (4). Morpheme-by-morpheme correspondence. At the sub-word level, segmentable morphemes are separated by hyphens, both in the example and ...

  8. List of English words of Hindi or Urdu origin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_English_words_of...

    from Hindi पश्मीना, Urdu پشمينه, ultimately from Persian پشمينه. Punch from Hindi and Urdu panch پانچ, meaning "five". The drink was originally made with five ingredients: alcohol, sugar, lemon, water, and tea or spices. [15] [16] The original drink was named paantsch. Pundit

  9. Mohmil - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohmil

    Mohmil (Urdu: مہمل) is the name given to meaningless words in Urdu, Hindustani and other Indo-Aryan languages, used mostly for generalization purposes. The mohmil word usually directly follows (but sometimes precedes) the meaningful word that is generalized.