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In computer networking, localhost is a hostname that refers to the current computer used to access it. The name localhost is reserved for loopback purposes. [1] It is used to access the network services that are running on the host via the loopback network interface.
Used for local communications within a private network [3] 100.64.0.0/10 100.64.0.0–100.127.255.255 4 194 304: Private network Shared address space [4] for communications between a service provider and its subscribers when using a carrier-grade NAT: 127.0.0.0/8 127.0.0.0–127.255.255.255 16 777 216: Host Used for loopback addresses to the ...
A special case of private link-local addresses is the loopback interface. These addresses are private and link-local by definition since packets never leave the host device. IPv4 reserves the entire class A address block 127.0.0.0 / 8 for use as private loopback addresses. IPv6 reserves the single address ::1.
In Solaris/OpenSolaris, the loop device is called "loopback file interface" or lofi, [2] and located at /dev/lofi/1, etc. SunOS has the configuration program lofiadm. lofi supports read-only compression and read-write encryption. Available is also a 3rd-party driver fbk (File emulates Blockdevice), for SunOS/Solaris since summer 1988. [3]
Where a system (such as a modem) involves round-trip analog-to-digital processing, a distinction is made between analog loopback, where the analog signal is looped back directly, and digital loopback, where the signal is processed in the digital domain before being re-converted to an analog signal and returned to the source.
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TUN and TAP in the network stack. Though both are for tunneling purposes, TUN and TAP cannot be used together because they transmit and receive packets at different layers of the network stack.
Link-local addresses may be assigned manually by an administrator or by automatic operating system procedures. In Internet Protocol (IP) networks, they are assigned most often using stateless address autoconfiguration, a process that often uses a stochastic process to select the value of link-local addresses, assigning a pseudo-random address that is different for each session.