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The Soviet annexation of some 51.6% of the territory of the Second Polish Republic, [20] where about 13,200,000 people lived in 1939 including Poles and Jews, [21] was an important event in the history of contemporary Ukraine and Belarus, because it brought within Ukrainian and Belarusian SSR new territories inhabited in part by ethnic ...
Temporary borders created by advancing German and Soviet troops. The border was soon readjusted following diplomatic agreements. Elections to the People's Assemblies of Western Ukraine and Western Belorussia, which took place on October 22, 1939, were an attempt to legitimize the annexation of the Second Polish Republic's eastern territories by the Soviet Union following the September 17 ...
Part of the Eastern Front of World War II and the Polish resistance movement in World War II: From left to right: 1: Destruction of Sahryń by Home Army, 2: Soldiers of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army in 1947, Rovno oblast, 3: Deportation of the Ukrainian population as part of Operation Vistula,
On the basis of a secret clause of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, the Soviet Union invaded Poland on September 17, 1939, capturing the eastern provinces of the Second Polish Republic. The eastern provinces of interwar Poland were inhabited by an ethnically mixed population, with ethnic Poles as well as Polish Jews dominant in the cities.
At least 10% of ethnic Poles in Volhynia were killed by the UPA, according to Ivan Katchanovski, and thus "Polish casualties comprised about 1% of the prewar population of Poles on territories where the UPA was active and 0.2% of the entire ethnically Polish population in Ukraine and Poland". [175]
The Invasion of Poland, [e] also known as the September Campaign, [f] Polish Campaign, [g] and Polish Defensive War of 1939 [h] [13] (1 September – 6 October 1939), was a joint attack on the Republic of Poland by Nazi Germany, the Slovak Republic, and the Soviet Union, which marked the beginning of World War II. [14]
Initially, during the invasion of Poland by Germany and the Soviet Union, the territory temporarily fell under Soviet occupation in 1939 as part of Soviet Ukraine. Adolf Hitler formed a capital in Lemberg (Document No. 1997-PS of 17 July 1941), and the district existed from 1941 until 1944. It ceased to exist after the Soviet counter-offensive.
The fall of the Communist system in Poland gave fuel to two directions in Polish historiography regarding the Ukrainian–Polish conflicts: liberal-democrаtic and nationalistic. [25] The first group has focused on the reasons for the inter-ethnic conflict in Western Ukraine. This group is subscribed to by most professional historians.