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Castor oil is a vegetable oil pressed from castor beans, the seeds of the plant Ricinus communis. [1] The seeds are 40 to 60 percent oil. [2] It is a colourless or pale yellow liquid with a distinct taste and odor. Its boiling point is 313 °C (595 °F) and its density is 0.961 g/cm 3. [3]
The toxin provides the castor oil plant with some degree of natural protection from insect pests such as aphids. Ricin has been investigated for its potential use as an insecticide. [25] Commercially available cold-pressed castor oil is not toxic to humans in normal doses, whether internal or external. [26]
Citrus peel oils are expressed mechanically, or cold-pressed. Due to the large quantities of oil in citrus peel and the relatively low cost to grow and harvest the raw materials, citrus-fruit oils are cheaper than most other essential oils to the extent that purified limonene extracted from these fruit is available as an affordable naturally ...
Castor oil has numerous industrial uses, owing to the presence of a hydroxyl group on the fatty acid. Castor oil is a precursor to Nylon 11. Castor oil may also be reacted with epichlorohydrin to make a glycidyl ether which is used as a diluent and flexibilizer with epoxy resins. [citation needed]
The oil seeps through small openings that do not allow seed fiber solids to pass. Afterward, the seeds are formed into a hardened press cake , which is removed from the machine. Pressure involved in expeller pressing creates heat in the range of 140–210 °F (60–99 °C).
Ricinoleic acid, formally called 12-hydroxy-9-cis-octadecenoic acid, is a fatty acid.It is an unsaturated omega-9 fatty acid [1] and a hydroxy acid.It is a major component of the seed oil obtained from the seeds of castor plant (Ricinus communis L., Euphorbiaceae), the plant that produces ricin.