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Pyrantel is a medication used to treat a number of parasitic worm infections. [2] This includes ascariasis , hookworm infections , enterobiasis (pinworm infection), trichostrongyliasis , and trichinellosis . [ 2 ]
In dogs and cats, whose gastrointestinal tracts are infected with the tapeworms Dipylidium caninum or Taenia taeniaeformis, respectively; [11] [12] praziquantel is also often used in fixed combination with pyrantel embonate against the roundworms : Toxocara cati and Toxascaris leonina.
Ivermectin and pyrantel pamoate are also effective. The combination of ivermectin 6 μg/kg and pyrantel pamoate at 5.0 mg/kg is 100% efficacious against adult worms in dogs. [13] Human infection in case of cutaneous larva migrans is treated with oral thiabendazole at 500 mg in 4 daily dose. [14]
BZAs kill adult worms by binding to the nematode's β-tubulin and subsequently inhibiting microtubule polymerization within the parasite. [14] In certain circumstances, levamisole and pyrantel pamoate may be used. [ 12 ]
Toxocariasis is an illness of humans caused by the dog roundworm (Toxocara canis) and, less frequently, the cat roundworm (Toxocara cati). [1] These are the most common intestinal roundworms of dogs, coyotes, wolves and foxes and domestic cats, respectively. [2]
Milbemycin oxime is active against a broad spectrum of nematodes.Its miticide spectrum includes Sarcoptes and Demodex.The drug is FDA-approved for prevention of heartworm in dogs and cats, [4] although it is less potent against heartworms than ivermectin.