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As the world's dominant reserve currency, the United States dollar has been a major currency for trading oil. [10] [11] In August 2018, Venezuela joined the group of countries that allow their oil to be purchased in currencies other than US dollars, thus allowing purchases in Euros, Yuan and other directly convertible currencies. [3]
Several European microstates outside the EU have adopted the euro as their currency. For EU sanctioning of this adoption, a monetary agreement must be concluded. Prior to the launch of the euro, agreements were reached with Monaco, San Marino, and Vatican City by EU member states (Italy in the case of San Marino and Vatican City, and France in the case of Monaco) allowing them to use the euro ...
Fluctuations of OPEC net oil export revenues since 1972, showing elevated inflation-adjusted levels during 1974–1981 and 2005–2014 [1] [2]. Petrodollar recycling is the international spending or investment of a country's revenues from petroleum exports ("petrodollars"). [3]
Crude oil export revenue by country (annually) A world map of countries by oil exportation, 2022. This is a list of oil-producing countries by oil exports based on data for 2022 by CEIC. Oil in this list refers to base crude oil only, and not refined petroleum products such as gasoline, diesel and airplane fuel.
Several oil-producing Arab countries on the Persian Gulf, including Saudi Arabia, peg their currencies to the dollar, since the dollar is the currency used in the international oil trade. The People's Republic of China's renminbi was informally and controversially pegged to the dollar in the mid-1990s at ¥ 8.28/USD.
Annual inflation in the eurozone’s 19 countries rose to 9.1%, up from 8.9% in July, according to the latest figures released Wednesday by the European Union statistics agency Eurostat.
The following is a list of countries by exports of refined petroleum, including gasoline. Data is for 2022, in billion of United States dollars. Currently the top 10 countries are listed. According to Worlds Top Exports [1] #
Trends in the top five crude oil-importing countries, 1960–2012. This is a list of countries by oil imports based on The World Factbook and other sources. [1] Many countries also export oil, and some export more oil than they import.