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Anti-lock brakes are the subject of some experiments centred around risk compensation theory, which asserts that drivers adapt to the safety benefit of ABS by driving more aggressively. In a Munich study, half a fleet of taxicabs was equipped with anti-lock brakes, while the other half had conventional brake systems. The crash rate was ...
Here the pneumatic brake system needs some additional valves and control logic to realize a TCS (or sometimes called ASR) system. [2] In motorcycles: Traction control for production motorcycles was first available with the BMW K1 in 1988. Honda offered Traction Control as an option, along with ABS, on their ST1100 beginning about 1992.
Pedal misapplication may be related to pedal design and placement, as in cases where the brake and accelerator are too close to one another, or the accelerator pedal is too large. The NHTSA estimates that 16,000 accidents per year in the United States occur when drivers intend to apply the brake but mistakenly apply the accelerator. [3]
Symbol for ABS; Anti-lock braking system (ABS) restore traction to a car's tires by regulating the brake pressure when the vehicle begins to skid. [32] Alongside helping drivers in emergencies, such as when their car starts to skid on ice, ABS systems can also assist drivers who may lose control of their vehicle. [32]
According to NHTSA research, ABS in 2005 cost an estimated US$368; ESC cost a further US$111. The retail price of ESC varies; as a stand-alone option it retails for as little as US$250. [ 69 ] ESC was once rarely offered as a sole option, and was generally not available for aftermarket installation.
The average (mean) annual cost of raising a child across America’s 100 most populous metros is $22,989, according to an analysis by Creditnews Research of Department of Labor data. These costs ...
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